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    1. Patologie
    2. Degenerazione maculare legata all’età - Epidemiologia
    Degenerazione maculare legata all'età

    Descrizione

    Epidemiologia

    Diagnosi


    Trattamento

    Epidemiologia

    Circa 170 milioni di persone sono colpite a livello globale da degenerazione maculare senile: ciò la rende la terza causa principale di disabilita visiva. Si prevede che la prevalenza di AMD aumenterà globalmente a 288 milioni entro il 2040. I principali fattori di rischio sono:






    I primi sintomi secondari alla AMD neovascolare sono rappresentati da riduzione della visione centrale:






    La perdita della visione centrale può impedire lo svolgimento di attività quotidiane quali la guida dell’auto, la lettura, il riconoscimento dei volti e l’individuazione di piccoli oggetti. In genere l’orientamento viene solo moderatamente danneggiato, ad eccezione dei casi più gravi.

    Veeva M-IT-00000885

    Info utili

    • Bibliografia
      • Zhao S et al. Protocol of global incidence and progression of age-related macular degeneration. Medicine 2019; 98: 1-4.
      • Holekamp NM. Review of neovascular age-related macular degeneration treatment options. Am J Manag Care 2019; 25: S0
      • Wong WL et al., Global prevalence of age-related macular degeneration and disease burden projection for 2020 and 2040: a systematic review and meta-analysis Lancet Glob Health. 2014; 2: e106-116;
      • IAPB Vision Atlas. GBVI – global cause estimates. http://atlas.iapb.org/global-burden-vision-impairment/gbvi-global-causeestimates/ [last accessed July 2021].
      • National Eye Institute. Facts About Age-Related Macular Degeneration. [Internet; cited July 2021]. Available from: https://nei.nih.gov/health/maculardegen/armd_facts.
      • Bright Focus Foundation. Macular Degeneration Prevention and Risk Factors. [Internet; cited July 2021]. Available from: http://www.brightfocus.org/macular/prevention-and-risk-factors.
      • Bright Focus Foundation. Macular Degeneration Essential Facts. [Internet; cited July 2021]. Available from: http://www.brightfocus.org/macular/news/macular-essential-facts#
      • Pennington KL, DeAngelis MM. Epidemiology of age-related macular degeneration (AMD): associations with cardiovascular disease phenotypes and lipid factors. Eye and Vision. 2016; 3:34.
      • Francesco Boscia, et al. Linee Guida Italiane per la Degenerazione Maculare Legata all’Età (DMLE). IRCCS Fondazione G.B. Bietti per lo Studio e la Ricerca in Oftalmologia. 2008.
      • Schmidt-Erfurth U, et al. Guidelines for the management of neovascular age-related macular degeneration by the European Society of Retina Specialists (EURETINA) Br J Ophthalmol. 2014;98:1144–67
      • Lanzetta P, Loewenstein A; Vision Academy Steering Committee. Fundamental principles of an anti-VEGF treatment regimen: optimal application of intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor therapy of macular diseases. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2017;2
      • Filippo Amore, et al. Retinopatia diabetica: da una risposta delle Istituzioni una vera risposta sanitaria. Public Health & Health Policy. Annov - n. 2 - 2017.
      • Kodjikian L et al. Pharmacological management of diabetic macular edema in real-life observational studies. Bio Med Res Intern 2018;
      • NEI. Facts about diabetic eye disease. https://nei.nih.gov/health/diabetic/retinopathy [last accessed July 2021];
      • Yau JWY et al. Global prevalence and major risk factors of diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes Care 2012; 35: 556-564.
      • Guariguata L et al. Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2013 and projections for 2035. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2014; 103: 137-149.
      • Lee R, et al . Epidemiology of diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema and related vision loss. Eye Vis. 2015; 2:17.
      • Sussman, E. J., Tsiaras, W. G., & Soper, K. A. (1982). Diagnosis of diabetic eye disease. Jama, 247 (23), 3.231-3.234.
      • Associazione Medici Diabetologi. Società Italiana di Diabetologia (2018) Standard italiani per la cura del diabete mellito. Italia, Rome.
      • Sikorski BL, et al., The Diagnostic Function of OCT in Diabetic Maculopathy Mediators Inflamm. 2013;2013:434560
      • https://www.osservatoriosullasalute.it/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Report-LA-GESTIONE-VALUE-BASED-DEL-PAZIENTE-CON-IPOVISIONE-CECITA.pdf [ last access July 2021]
      • Hahn P. ASRS 2020 Preferences and Trends Membership Survey. Chicago, IL: American Society of Retina Specialists. 2020;
      • Prenner et al., Disease Burden in the Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Findings From a Time-and-Motion Study 2015 Oct;160(4):725-31.e1
      • Maguire MG, et al., Five-Year Outcomes with Anti–Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: The Comparison of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Treatments Trials Ophthalmology. 2016;123:1751–61;
      • Rofagha S, et al., Seven-Year Outcomes in Ranibizumab-Treated Patients in ANCHOR, MARINA, and HORIZON: A Multicenter Cohort Study (SEVEN-UP) Ophthalmology. 2013;120:2292–9;
      • Lambert NG, et al., Risk factors and biomarkers of age-related macular degeneration Prog Retin Eye Res. 2016;54:64–102

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